Classification of Internal Combustion Engines

 

Classification of Internal Combustion Engines

Today’s IC engines can be classified in several ways. Some of the ways of classification of Internal Combustion (IC) engines is listed below:

1. Based on application

§  Automobile Engine

§  Aircraft Engine

§  Locomotive Engine

§  Marine Engine

§  Stationary Engine

2. Based on basic engine design

§  Reciprocating: Single cylinder, Multi-cylinder In-line, V, radial, opposed cylinder, Opposed Piston.

§  Rotatory: Single motor, Multi motor

3. Based on operating cycle

§  Atkinson (For complete expansion SI Engine)

§  Diesel (For the Ideal Diesel Engine)

§  Dual (For the Actual Diesel Engine)

§  Miller (For Early/Late Inlet valve closing type SI Engine)

§  Otto (For the Convectional SI Engine)

4. Based on working cycle

§  Four stroke cycle

§  Two stroke cycle

§  Scavenging ; direct/crankcase/cross flow; back flow/loop; Uni flow

§  Naturally aspirated or turbocharged

5. Based on Valve/port design and location

§  Design of valve/port

§  Poppet valve

§  Rotatory valve

§  Location of valve/port

§  T-head

§  L-head

§  F-head

§  L-head

6.Based on Fuel

§  Convectional

§  Crude oil derivatives; Petrol, diesel

§  Other sources; coal, bio-mass, tar stands, shale

§  Alternative

§  Petroleum derived: CNG, LPG

§  Bio-mass derived: alcohols, vegetable oils, producer gas, biogas and hydrogen

§  Blending

§  Bi-fuel and dual fuel

7. Based on mixture preparation

§  Carburetion

§  Fuel injection

8. Based on ignition

§  Spark ignition

§  Compression Ignition

9. Based on stratification of charge

§  Homogeneous Charge

§  Stratified charge

§  With carburetion

§  With fuel injection

10. Based on combustion chamber design

§  Open chamber: Disc, wedge, hemispherical, bowl-in-piston, bath tub.

§  Divided chamber:

§  (For CI) 1. Swirl chamber, 2. Pre-chamber

§  (for SI) 1. CVCC, 2. Other designs

11. Based on cooling system

§  Air-cooling system

§  Water-cooling system